Improving Productivity in Mechanical Industry: Capital Without – bundle of wisdom

Mainly using medium technology

Although the domestic production of mechanical products has been constantly increasing in recent years, products made by Vietnamese enterprises are still difficult to compete with imported products with high technology. Can include basic reasons such as: machines equipped with old technology, obsolete; lack of information and capacity for internal cooperation; lack of confidence in the quality of domestic products; companies are slowly transitioning to a market economy, unable to compete in the international environment; lack of capital while companies often do not want to invest with large capital

Most mechanical enterprises are using average technology

According to Ta Viet Dung, Director of the Department of Technology Application and Development, most investment projects have a budget of less than 10 billion dong, the technology level achieved by equipment is at an advanced average level. On the other hand, these projects are mainly innovative and complete the existing technology, few technological projects are innovative, greatly improving their technological level.

“Information about technology and equipment of enterprises is still lacking. This makes it difficult for the construction and implementation of technology innovation investment projects of enterprises. Businesses still do not trust the equipment and technology provided by local organizations because they think that the quality and after-sales activities are not good, ”Mr. Dung said.

So far, Vietnam uses average technology is popular, the proportion of high-tech industry group is only about 20%, while this rate of Singapore is 73%, Malaysia is 51% and Thailand is 31%. % (according to criteria, to reach the level of industrialization and modernization must be over 60%).

The rate of technological innovation of the whole country is about 10% (if only the three key economic sesame is the place where the highest technology concentration in the country only reaches about 12%), compared to the rate of technological innovation of the advanced countries in the world, this is very low. In industry, the proportion of automation businesses accounts for only 1.9%, semi-automation is 19.6%, mechanized 26.6%, semi-mechanized 35.7%, manual 16.2 %.

The difficulty bundle the wisdom

The majority of Vietnamese enterprises are aware of the importance of technological innovation in their businesses and have made investments in technological innovation or are developing technology investment projects. About 30% of enterprises are not fully aware of the importance of technological innovation in enterprises, do not have a business development strategy or have not been able to orient the method and direction to invest in technology and equipment innovation. of the business.

       Up to 30% of businesses do not realize the importance of technological innovation to improve productivity and product quality

Report of the Department of Technology Application and Development Demand for technological innovation, shows that in the field of mechanical engineering is very large. Businesses focus on technological innovation in the fields of design, manufacturing technology of manufacturing machine tools and transportation machines, precision and super-precision cutting and machining technology and technology for manufacturing robots and industrial machines.

For example, casting technology. Although domestic enterprises have been able to cast all the desired steel, most have not equipped with liquid metal temperature control equipment, automatic control equipment for liquid metal water temperature, unable to control the reasonable temperature when pouring metal, causing a small effect on the quality of castings. Analytical-testing equipment does not reduce defects (only reduces the amount of returned products), new technology and increased productivity only increase the damage if the design is not good (statistically, 90% of casting defects have causes from design errors).

Or in the field of high added value and requiring large amounts of technology, precision mechanical processing. Most mechanical engineering companies must be equipped with grinding machines such as external circular grinders, hole grinders, flat face grinders. However, all grinding machines present in Vietnam (up to several thousand units) are grinding machines of the old generation, without automatic testing equipment on the machine. The accuracy of the size of the part to be ground depends entirely on the worker; The stability of dimensions is difficult to achieve.

In fact, only a few companies have relatively large number of grinding machines such as Hanoi Mechanical Company, Disoco Company, Central Cam Pha Mechanical Company, Precision Mechanical Company 11 and Mechanical Company 83. The rest mills usually have only 3 to 5 grinders.

According to experts, the Government should promote the implementation of the Business Support Program on product innovation and technological innovation. In addition, the policy of high-tech imports should also be considered, ensuring systematic and consistent, and at the same time having policies to support and promote technology innovation industries.

On the other hand, Vietnamese enterprises also need to take advantage of technology absorption when foreign investment partners bring advanced technology. Accordingly, Vietnamese policymakers need to find a way to “bridge” so that domestic enterprises can cooperate to transfer appropriate technologies.